Comments for Zero Sum

Comment on The mishmashing of Gould: scientific method and bias by ishi

ishi — Tue, 26 Jul 2011 13:50:38 +0000

i had seen the PLOS article. one can remember the iq controvertsy—mismeasure of man. ‘does g exist’. was sjg’s analyses of principle component analyses/factor analyses hold up when he criticzed heritability studies? (see also jay joseph on wikipedia discussion of schizophrenia inheritance/twin studies). my view is sjg made some very good points but so do his critics and the controversy remains though (as in linguistics chomsky and his critics basically just ignore each other, have their own conferences and journals). sjg never responded to his critics really.

there are better approaches to iq around but the old school usde old behavior genetics ideas which may be right but may not be.

there is a ton of bias in science—most obvious when its corporate funded.

but i dont get the point of this article. i’d have to look again at plos to see what they did and what they say sjg did.

but my view its either right or wrong. if they lumped m and f skulls togther, thats obviously bogus. but i’d have to see. thats like measuring apples and oranges together.
i couldnt really tell if you read the plos article’s ‘hard’ analyses. cheers.

Comment on The mishmashing of Gould: scientific method and bias by ravi

ravi — Tue, 26 Jul 2011 02:48:24 +0000

Thank you for the comment Alan. You are right of course regarding the anachronistic nature of their argument. I suspect that is because the bedrock of science studies can be ignored because science studies can be ignored, in turn because science studies has been dismissed and shamed (re: Sokal). Muscular scientism! You see a very mild version of that in the recent polite spat between V. S. Ramachandran and Colin McGinn – http://l.ravi.be/nIUacx (or for that matter in the confident mutterings of “rogue” economist Levitt).

I think I have a good idea where the insecurity comes from. Scientists and scientistic types are, I suspect, afraid of appearing soft-headed/hearted and not willing to “go where the evidence leads”. Hence Larry Summers on women, the whole EP programme, etc. Of course the strange thing is that they want to go where hard-headedness leads, not due to but despite the evidence.

But wherefrom the confidence that philosophy and sociology can be utterly ignored? Perhaps the usual faith in reductionism? VSR truly thinks that mirror neurons can entirely explain civilisation! It helps that scientistic optimism of this sort is underwritten by a particular brand of philosophy epitomised in Dan Dennett, the Churchlands, et al.

Comment on The mishmashing of Gould: scientific method and bias by APR

APR — Tue, 26 Jul 2011 02:04:56 +0000

Very nicely done, in an attempt to hoist one (Gould) by his own petard, they show they neither know which petard needs to be doing the hoisting nor are they aware how much they are dangling from their own.
In any event, they are effectively making an pre-Kuhnian argument in a world where Kuhn – for all the limitations of his work – is generally treated as the bedrock, the foundation, of modern science studies (from Lakatos to Latour, Feyerabend to Haraway). Any sense of where their insecurity comes from?

Comment on Girls and the hard stuff by PSri

PSri — Sat, 06 Sep 2008 13:23:54 +0000

Agree with you, Ravi…exactly the problem I had with Pinker’s ‘The Blank Slate’: the smugness of the writer who says ‘hey I’m liberal and not judgmental in the least, but the numbers don’t lie.’ They do, and so do the writer.
Lets substitute ‘women’ with…I dont know, Arkansans? Polynesians? Buddhists? Children of unwed mothers? People with olive eyes and brown hair? People who work in the Indian software industry? People who drive Fords? People who can wiggle their ears?
Each of these is a segment in the population. Most of these segments are not likely to be proportionally represented in the upper echelons of the scientific hierarchy, any more than they are likely to be proportionally represented in the CEO community of Corporate America – or in Major League Baseball. Corporate, sporting or scientific achievers are not random sample subsets. They are spikes. Spikes are special cases – cases of highly driven individuals willing to trade in a lot of things in order to monomanically achieve a single goal, combined with favorable environmental factors. If a large percentage of the spikes are from a single segment (over a significant amount of time), we need to see why that segment should see more spikes than other segments. The fact that more spikes arise in one segment than others is a statistical fact about the SPIKES, not about the SEGMENTS. Most human beings who dont want to think about work 80 hours a week. A large majority of us are discriminated against and belittled and told every day that we are inferior. A VAST majority of us have other interests than sitting in a room and churning out abstract papers. An overwhelming majority of us are not -ever – going to occupy the stratospheres of scientific, artistic, sporting, commercial or political leadership. Therefore, Summers could have made the same remark, without loss of generality, about Indians, Chinese, Africans and people from Houston, Texas.

Comment on Girls and the hard stuff by ravi

ravi — Fri, 05 Sep 2008 14:29:19 +0000

Another thing that bothers me is that Summers starts off by saying that we should think “systematically and clinically” but then that is exactly what he proceeds not to do, speculating idly, generalising from anecdote, and so on. What he really means is to lecture fellow liberals thus: just because we are committed to women’s equality we should not overlook what the data tells us. That’s the defence (of Summers) offered by Steve Pinker, also. This is at best patronising. The criticism of Summers’ comments is exactly that the data and analysis do not compel us to his conclusion/conjecture. If anything, it is his conjecture that is driven by psychological factors (“we must not look ideological”).

Comment on Girls and the hard stuff by ravi

ravi — Fri, 05 Sep 2008 14:17:34 +0000

Bappa,

I think the issue remains unresolved: the results from the latest research demonstrate a 2:1 ratio in male:female at the 99th percentile. Perhaps, as the conservatives claim, this is due to innate abilities. But given the weight of the evidence of discrimination, I think the burden of proving that rests heavily on the “innate” theorists. Especially since the ratio has (I believe) decreased. Such a decrease validates the notion of environmental contribution. Conservatives are left arguing that we have no nullified those contributions and the residue is entirely due to innate differences. This is a tall claim, indeed!

My problem with Larry Summers is that someone of his prominence, as a self-proclaimed liberal, would feed into the stereotype threat so blatantly, especially by explicitly ranking innate over environment (as he did in his speech), when he has (or offers) no justification for such a ranking.

Then there is also the value of 99th percentile genius and to what extent the output of a person in this class is entirely individual. As the mathematician and women’s studies scholar Moon Duchin says:

“Lots of people think this is a non-social field—would math come out differently in a society with a different social organization?” While she’s not trying to debunk the existence of genius (“there really are people you meet in math and you learn about who just synthesize things in ways that other people don’t have access to with any investment of time”), the Great Man theory “definitely stilts the narrative. A real intellectual history is harder to do but it illuminates the math very differently.”

Comment on Girls and the hard stuff by Bappa

Bappa — Fri, 05 Sep 2008 10:06:55 +0000

Good eye opening article. I categorize myself as a liberal and generally skeptical about broad generalizations. But even I had pretty much accepted these studies when they were splashed on the newspapers a few years back. Partly because of the people who were making the claims and also because of anecdotal evidence about the other half of the claim in the newspaper articles. They had mentioned then that girls inherently have better linguistic skills while boys had better analytical/mathematical skills. And at least looking around in my immediate circle, baby girls do start talking earlier and with more clarity than baby boys. Off course, its anecdotal evidence and moreover doesnt address the mathematical skills part at all. But guess, your article taught me to be even more vigilant and skeptical than I have been all along.

As you have pointed out, the dangers of such studies (and conclusions) is real since I have two daughters. So, maybe my subconscious preconceptions would have affected them in some way.

Comment on Science and the public by ravi

ravi — Mon, 25 Aug 2008 19:43:01 +0000

I agree with you about the illogic in the argument that education and/or prevention encourages bad behaviour (by bad behaviour I don’t mean sex, as conservatives do , but unsafe sex).

In general, the argument, in favour of population wide healthcare measures based on statistical and empirical findings, is a good one. However, what I find problematic is that many of those defending this position feel the need to define everyone else in some adversarial framework (“good vs bad”, “cult”, “believer”, etc), so that a war of words can be indulged in. The result is that the spoils of the war (the attitude of the general public) is sacrificed, as they are forced to take sides, and they often choose the side that at least pretends to understand their issues.

Thus parents, who are not out to deny science or statistics, but are nonetheless faced with a world of science and technology that is at once incomprehensible and untrustworthy, have the heavy and solitary burden of making the choices for their children (solitary because the purveyors of the technology — in this case, paediatricians — often have little personal or scientific interest in the questions that arise, but are merely clerical in their execution of conventional wisdom in their discipline, or worse the received notions of their education many decades ago). To them, the doctor who invariably values his or her time over yours, and is often nakedly concerned only about his or her insurance or BMW payment, seems a poorer choice than some religious quack who pretends to sympathise with their condition.

Comment on Science and the public by divya

divya — Mon, 25 Aug 2008 19:27:28 +0000

while i sympathise with the parents of autistic children, (and have along with the spouse decided to give the new baby only a few vaccines at a time – vs the 4-5 the first guinea pig got) they need to realise that skipping vaccination works well for them in communities where every other child is vaccinated. if more than a certain number of children were not vaccinated we would have outbreaks of disease. ofcourse this is not true for the vaccine preventing cervical cancer and the concerns of those parents are valid (except i don’t think that is the one reason their children are going to go out and have sex). i don’t see them controlling teenage hormones, peer pressure, attractive mates but finally deciding to do the deed because of the vaccine!